Genome-wide association studies: In-depth mining of variants for quantitative traits in livestock: A review

Abstract

In recent years, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become a powerful approach for investigating the genetic underpinnings of complex phenotypic traits. In contrast to Mendelian disorders, which result from a single variant, quantitative traits are shaped by numerous genetic variants in interaction with environmental influences. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a method that entails thorough scanning of genetic markers throughout an individual's complete genome to identify those linked to specific traits. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have enabled the detection of genomic regions, QTLs, and genes that account for these associations and their impact on the phenotype in question. These advancements have significantly enhanced the understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying complex traits, driving progress in domestic animal breeding and genetics research.