Effect of Cholecystectomy on Serum Lipid Profile in Patients with Cholelithiasis: A Prospective Study

Abstract

Background: Cholelithiasis is frequently associated with dyslipidaemia, suggesting a metabolic association. Cholecystectomy is the definitive treatment, but its effect on lipid profile remains debated.Objectives: To evaluate changes in serum lipid profile pre- and post-operatively in patients undergoing cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis.Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 40 patients undergoing cholecystectomy for ultrasonography diagnosed cholelithiasis. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglycerides (TG) were measured preoperatively and one month postoperatively. Statistical significance was assessed using paired t-tests.Results: Postoperatively, there was a statistically significant reduction in mean serum TC, LDL, and TG levels (p < 0.001). HDL levels increased significantly. VLDL also showed a significant reduction. Cholesterol stones were most common (51%), followed by mixed (43%) and pigment stones (6%).Conclusion: Cholecystectomy in patients with cholelithiasis leads to significant improvement in serum lipid profiles. This suggests metabolic benefits beyond symptom relief and supports routine lipid monitoring in such patients.