Surgical management of supracondylar femoral fractures in dogs using supracondylar plates and plate-rod constructs

Abstract

A clinical study at the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, PVNRTVU, Hyderabad evaluated management of metaphyseal and supracondylar femoral fractures in 12 dogs, divided into two groups: supracondylar plating (J-plate) and plate-rod construct with Steinmann pin. Most cases involved young, non-descript breeds with acute, non-weight bearing lameness but stable physiological parameters at admission. Supracondylar plating (J-plate) preserved periosteal blood flow and offered excellent outcomes for distal femoral fractures, especially those with caudal bowing. Plate-rod constructs provided superior biomechanical stability, reducing implant fatigue and promoting healing, but required removal in growing dogs. Both the methods led to satisfactory recovery, though quadriceps contracture occurred in one case. Radiographs confirmed healing at intervals post-surgery. In conclusion, plate-rod constructs yielded the best mechanical stability and recovery rate but necessitated timely removal in immature dogs; plating provided good stability. Individualized treatment considering mechanical, biological and patient factors is recommended to optimize outcomes.