Silkworm diseases and management: A review

Abstract

Sericulture, a vital agro based industry faces significant challenges from various silkworm diseases leading to substantial economic losses globally. This review summarises what is currently known about the main diseases that affect silkworms, such as bacterial, fungal, viral, and protozoan infections. It describes their symptoms, pathological mechanisms, etiological agents, and diagnostic approaches, which range from sophisticated molecular techniques to microscopic analysis and visual inspection. Comprehensive management strategies are also covered in the document with a focus on disease resistant breeds, strict disinfection, and nutritional management as preventive measures. The use of probiotics and herbal remedies, as well as therapeutic interventions such as antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal treatments, are also covered. Finally, the review addresses the impact of climate change, particularly temperature and humidity fluctuations, on disease prevalence and severity, underscoring the need for robust and adaptable management strategies to ensure the industry's economic viability and ecological sustainability.