Genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for yield attributes in green gram genotypes (Vigna radiata)

Abstract

Green gram (Vigna radiata L.) is an important pulse crop cultivated for its high protein content and adaptability. This study was conducted to assess genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for yield and yield-contributing traits among seven green gram genotypes: BM-4, BPMR-145, BM2003-2, BM2002-1, PKV, AKV-4, and PKV Green Gold. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Observations were recorded on plant height, number of pods per plant, seed yield per plant, and 100-seed weight. Significant genetic variability was observed for all traits. High heritability and genetic advance were observed for seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight, suggesting additive gene action and potential for effective selection. Among genotypes, BM-4 and BPMR-145 performed superiorly for seed yield and associated traits. These results can be exploited in green gram breeding programs to improve yield potential.