Optimizing Silica and Mycorrhiza Application Rates and Modes for Enhancing Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Abstract

A pot culture experiment was conducted at the Regional Fruit Research Station, Vengurla during the Rabi season of 2024–25 to evaluate the effect of different methods and levels of mycorrhiza and silica application on the growth, physiology, and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) under lateritic soil conditions. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with eighteen treatment combinations and three replications. Treatments consisted of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) in combination with different application methods of mycorrhiza (seed treatment, drenching, and soil application) and silica (soil application, foliar spray, and seed treatment) at three levels (B1, B2, and B3). Observations were recorded on growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, shoot and root weight, shoot and root volume) and yield. The study concludes that silica soil application at 15 kg ha⁻¹, in combination with recommended fertilizers, is a promising strategy to improve growth, nutrient-use efficiency, and yield of okra. The complementary roles of silica and mycorrhiza in enhancing structural strength, stress tolerance, and root development suggest their potential as eco-friendly inputs for sustainable okra production in lateritic soils.