Hibiscus cannabinus (Kenaf): A potential source of Bast Fiber

Abstract

The Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) plant belongs to Malvaceae family, is being utilized for extraction of fibers. Enzyme pre-treatment is a suitable and conventional method of processing kenaf yarn and is more environmentally friendly than the chemical process for achieving desired softness. In this study pH, treatment time and concentration were optimized for the enzymatic treatment of the yarn. Comparative analysis was done among retted, degummed and bleached kenaf yarns. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) results confirmed that degummed and bleached fiber surface has smooth appearance compared to retted kenaf fiber. The functional group present in kenaf fibre were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). It was found that after the enzyme treatment, the yarn twist, density and wicking height were improved.