Niacinamide in dermatology: A multifunctional agent for anti-ageing and skin barrier support

Abstract

Skin ageing is a complex biological process characterized by structural and functional deterioration of cutaneous tissues, manifesting as wrinkles, fine lines, age spots, and loss of elasticity. This comprehensive review examines the role of niacinamide (vitamin B3) in addressing multiple aspects of skin ageing through analysis of current literature from 1995-2024. Niacinamide demonstrates multifaceted anti-ageing effects including enhanced collagen synthesis, improved barrier function, reduced hyperpigmentation, and protection against oxidative stress. Clinical studies consistently show significant improvements in ageing signs with 2-5% niacinamide concentrations applied topically. The evidence supports niacinamide as an effective, well-tolerated ingredient for comprehensive anti-ageing skincare with excellent safety profile and compatibility with other therapeutic agents.