In vitro analysis of hypoglycemic effects of homoeopathic Cephalandra indica through alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibition

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a rapidly growing global health burden, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and associated complications [1]. Herbal and homeopathic remedies, including Cephalandra indica (Ivy gourd), have been traditionally used for glycemic control, but their mechanistic basis remains inadequately studied [2]. Aim: To evaluate the in vitro hypoglycemic potential of homeopathic Cephalandra indica mother tincture (Q) through inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Methods: Standard in vitro enzyme inhibition assays were performed. Different concentrations (250, 500, 1000 µL/mL) of Cephalandra indica tincture were tested for inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Percentage inhibition was calculated spectrophotometrically, and IC₅₀ values were determined using ED50 plus V1.0 software. Results: Cephalandra indica demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of both enzymes. At 1000 µL/mL, α-amylase inhibition reached 72.05% (IC₅₀=390.25 µL/mL), while α-glucosidase inhibition was 67.92% (IC₅₀=493.97 µL/mL). Comparative analysis revealed a slightly higher efficacy against α-amylae than α-glucosidase. Conclusion: The mother tincture of Cephalandra indica exhibited significant dual inhibitory activity against carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. These findings validate its traditional use as an antidiabetic remedy and suggest its potential role in integrative management of type 2 diabetes.