An observational analytical study of x-ray findings in Dhatukshayjanya and Margavrodhajanya Sandhigata Vata

Abstract

The most common disease currently affecting a large population is Sandhigata Vata. The term Sandhigata vata is derived from 2 words, sandhi and Vata. Sandhi is considered joint, and Vata is among the 3 Doshas, i.e, Vata, Pitta, Kapha. Based on its causes, Sandhigata Vata can be classified into two types, i.e., Dhatukshayajanya and Margavrodhajanya Causes of Dhatukshayajanya Vatavyadhi include eating less food, extremely dry, cold, and light food, excessive exercise, too much physical activity, etc. The intake of improper or incompatible food leading to the formation of Ama results in Margavrodhjanya Vatavyadhi. Also, according to causes, Vata Dosha gets vitiated by the two principal Samprapti. In Dhatukshayajanya Vatavyadhi, there is a decrease in Dhatu, and then Srotamsi becomes empty. Dhatukshaya is filled up with Vata dosha and produces Dhatukshayjanya Sandhigatavata. In another type of Samprapti, there is obstruction in any Srotas, which leads to stoppage of the function of the organ and produces Margarodhjanya sandhigatavata. As per their pathology, Lakshana seen in patients are different. There is Shool, restricted painful movement in Dhatukshayajanya Vatavyadhi whereas in Margavrodhjanya Vatavyadhi, there is Shotha, Sparshasahatwa, Ushna Sparsha, etc. Diagnostic imaging, especially X-ray, plays a crucial role in identifying and distinguishing between Dhatukshayajanya Vatavyadhi and Margavrodhjanya Vatavyadhi. X-ray confirms joint degeneration, assesses the severity of joint space narrowing, joint dislocation, joint fracture. Sandhigata Vata is one of the most common joint disorders in India, with a prevalence ranging from 22% to 40%.