Sericulture policies and schemes in India and their impact on farmers livelihood

Abstract

Sericulture, the cultivation of silkworms for silk production, plays a vital role in the rural economy of India, providing sustainable employment, particularly to small and marginal farmers, women, and tribal communities. Various central and state-level policies and schemes, such as the Central Silk Board’s Catalytic Development Programme, the Integrated Sericulture Development Project under the North East Region Textile Promotion Scheme, and state-specific subsidy and welfare programs, aim to enhance productivity, quality, and market access. These initiatives provide support through improved mulberry plantation, access to high-yielding silkworm breeds, infrastructure development, skill training, and financial incentives. The impact on farmers’ livelihoods is significant, as sericulture offers year-round income opportunities, reduces rural-urban migration, empowers women, and contributes to poverty alleviation. However, challenges remain in terms of fluctuating cocoon prices, climate vulnerability, and limited technology adoption. Strengthening policy implementation, market linkages, and farmer training can further enhance sericulture’s role in ensuring socio-economic security for rural populations in India.