Relevance of important parasitic zoonosis and its impact in public health

Abstract

Any disease or condition that can naturally spread from vertebrate animals to humans or from humans to animals is categorized as zoonoses by the World Health Organization (WHO). India ranks first among nations with high zoonotic disease occurrences and is the 7th largest country in the world. Numerous helminthic illnesses have emerged in both human and animal populations, including paragonimiasis, fasciolopsis, taeniasis and cysticercosis, echinococcosis and hydatidosis, toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, gnathostomiasis, dirofilariasis and others. More than 70 species of protozoa and approximately 300 species of parasitic helminths, which are derived from both nonhuman primates and other animals, infect humans. Animal health and productivity are adversely affected by a variety of parasites, which results in large global economic losses. Helminths and protozoan intestinal parasite infections are among the most common infections in the globe. Measures and procedures for infection prevention and control can lessen the public’s exposure to parasites. The adoption of evidence-based infection prevention and control strategies should be encouraged by surveillance programs in order to lower the prevalence of these illnesses, slow spread and eventually enhance public health. This paper describes the epidemiology, transmission, clinical signs, and treatment of important parasitic zoonoses from the latest literature in this field.