Impact of reeling effluent irrigation on soil properties in mulberry garden: An overview

Abstract

Sericulture, primarily based on the cultivation of mulberry and rearing of the silkworm Bombyx mori, plays a vital role in rural livelihoods and sustainable agriculture. With increasing pressure on freshwater resources, the use of alternative irrigation sources such as reeling effluent-wastewater generated during silk production is gaining importance. Rich in essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium, reeling effluent has shown potential to enhance mulberry growth, leaf yield, and soil fertility when used judiciously. This review explores the chemical composition of reeling effluent, its application in mulberry cultivation and its effects on soil physico-chemical and biological properties. Research findings indicate that effluent irrigation improves organic carbon levels, microbial activity and nutrient availability in soil. However, untreated discharge of reeling effluent can cause environmental issues such as eutrophication and contamination of soil and water bodies. Sustainable management strategies like bioremediation and controlled application are necessary to harness the benefits while minimizing ecological risks. The study supports reeling effluent irrigation as a resource-efficient and environmentally sound practice in sericulture.