An observational study to analyze the knee weight bearing observation through sensor plate in male & female weight bearing distribution pattern in osteoarthritic changes

Abstract

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint condition marked by cartilage breakdown and progressive joint deformity, such as genu varum or valgum. Biomechanical factors like joint loading patterns, altered gait, Q-angle deviations, and foot arch abnormalities play a crucial role in both the onset and progression of OA. In particular, Grades II-III OA patients often exhibit asymmetrical loading and abnormal plantar pressure distribution, frequently associated with foot arch issues like pes planus or pes cavus. These adaptations increase joint stress and reduce stability, accelerating cartilage degradation. Sensor plates offer a valuable, objective method to assess weight distribution, center of pressure, and postural alignment during both static stance and dynamic movement. This technology is especially useful in identifying early deviations in gait and loading, which are key contributors to OA progression. Notably, sex-based differences such as higher Q-angles in females can predispose individuals to more severe biomechanical imbalances and higher OA prevalence. Clinically, sensor-based data can guide interventions such as custom foot orthoses and targeted gait retraining. These strategies aim to optimize biomechanical alignment, redistribute pressure, and reduce joint load, ultimately improving function and slowing OA progression. Early detection and personalized treatment are critical for better long-term outcomes.