Bhramari pranayama as a non-pharmacological intervention for enhancing mental health in women

Abstract

Mental health challenges among women, particularly anxiety and depression, are increasingly prevalent due to complex biopsychosocial factors including hormonal fluctuations, lifestyle stressors, and cultural expectations. Conventional pharmacotherapy, although effective, is often accompanied by side effects and limitations, especially for women during critical life transitions such as menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause. Bhramari Pranayama-a yogic breathing technique described in the Hatha Yoga Pradipika-is an accessible, safe, and cost-effective intervention rooted in Indian traditions. This review explores the role of Bhramari as a non-pharmacological modality for enhancing mental health in women. Integrating Ayurvedic concepts (such as Manasika Doshas, Prana Vayu, and Sattvaguna), Sanskrit verses, modern neuroscience, and clinical studies, the paper provides a comprehensive understanding of Bhramari’s therapeutic potential. Data from national health reports and AYUSH-backed studies are analyzed to validate its efficacy. Findings suggest that consistent Bhramari practice improves emotional regulation, reduces stress biomarkers, and enhances overall mental resilience in women.