Decoding the antiviral properties of medicinal plants against Mungbean yellow mosaic virus in mungbean: In-vitro assessment and GC-MS profiling

Abstract

Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) is a highly destructive pathogen of leguminous crops, leading to substantial yield losses. It is transmitted persistently by the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) and possesses a bipartite genome consisting of DNA-A and DNA-B components. The present study focused on assessing the antiviral potential of 15 medicinal plant extracts against MYMV in mungbean. Among the tested plants, Clerodendrum spp. (Glorybower) recorded the maximum efficacy, reducing disease incidence to 30.00 percent, followed by Boerhavia diffusa (Punarnava)), showed 33.33 percent disease incidence. On the other hand, Asparagus sp. and Leptadenia reticulata (Dodi) were the least effective, with a maximum disease incidence (63.33%) and only a 36.67 percent reduction compared to the control. To identify active antiviral constituents, GC-MS analysis was performed on four efficient extracts (Clerodendrum sp., Boerhavia diffusa, Vitex negundo and Andrographis paniculata) and revealed the presence of key compounds such as tetradecane, 4,5-dimethylnonane, 3,7-dimethyldecane, 5-dimethylnonane, and 2,7-dimethylundecane.