Tapping the untapped: Genetic variability and morphological diversity in underutilized Heliconia (Heliconia Sp.) in Northern Karnataka

Abstract

Heliconia (Heliconia sp.) are prominent ornamental and cut flower crops valued for their vibrant bracts and aesthetic appeal, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite the cultivation of diverse Heliconia genotypes in India, comprehensive studies on their growth, flowering, and yield attributes remain scant. This research evaluated 15 genotypes of Heliconia for morphological, flowering, and vase life parameters under Northern Karnataka conditions. The trial, conducted at Belagavi during 2021–2022 using a randomized complete block design, revealed significant genotypic differences across all studied traits. High estimates for phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability, and genetic advance were documented for key characters, indicating strong genetic control and the effectiveness of phenotypic selection. Notably, Heliconia wagneriana Red, Peterson, and Pink Yellow Cream genotypes demonstrated superior performances. The findings underscore the potential for selecting and breeding improved Heliconia cultivars suited for commercial cultivation in the region, providing a foundation for future crop improvement.