Assessing the contribution of millets to the UN sustainable development goals: A systematic review

Abstract

Agriculture has been a major part of the Indian economy from ancient times. Millets, also known as “Shree Anna”, are a group of small-seeded grains that have been a part of Indian traditional cuisines for centuries. Millets are linked to Indian cultural heritage, traditional beliefs, and rituals. Millets adapt to diverse agroclimatic conditions and are drought-resistant, making them a good fit for sustainable agriculture. Millets possess exceptional nutritional values, characterized by high fiber, protein, vitamin, and mineral content. It is gluten-free and has a low glycemic index, which makes it suitable for people with celiac disease and diabetes, respectively. While millet production shows a more or less positive trend, its consumption patterns witness a decline due to changes in dietary preferences and a lack of awareness. However, the increasing awareness and efforts by the Government of India to promote millet have led to a surge in demand. This paper underscores the contribution of millets in addressing the triple bottom line and the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Millets have the potential to enhance environmental sustainability, improve nutritional security, and enhance economic viability for Indian farmers. The United Nations General Assembly at its 75th session in March 2021 declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets (IYoM). The main purpose of this article is to comprehend the benefits of millet and its availability in India so that it can reach the common man’s plate in various forms.