Economic importance, ecological significance, and distribution of Puntius fish species in major rivers of the Kolodyne drainage system, Mizoram, North-Eastern India

Abstract

The freshwater fish genus Puntius (Family: Cyprinidae) plays a crucial ecological and economic role in riverine systems across South and Southeast Asia. In Mizoram, part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, rivers within the Kolodyne drainage system provide suitable habitats for Puntius species. This study focuses on two species Puntius sophore and Puntius chola documenting their distribution across four major rivers: Kolodyne, Tuisi, Ngengpui, and Tuichang. Based on field surveys conducted in 2024, P. sophore was recorded in three of the rivers, while P. chola was found only in the Ngengpui River. Both species are listed as Least Concern (LC) by the IUCN but face local threats due to habitat degradation and overfishing. Their role in maintaining aquatic food webs, supporting small-scale fisheries, and serving as bioindicators underscores their significance. This paper highlights the need for improved conservation measures, sustainable management, and ecological monitoring to preserve the integrity of freshwater systems in Mizoram.