An efficient synthesis of bis(indol-3-yl)methane derivatives using montmorillonite k10 as solid acid catalyst in green solvent

Abstract

An efficient solvent-free synthesis of bis(indol-3-yl)methane derivatives was developed using montmorillonite K10 as a reusable solid catalyst. The reactions were performed by simple grinding of the reactants in a mortar at room temperature. This clay-supported method produced the desired products in good to excellent yields. Various reaction parameters, including molar ratio, catalyst loading, reaction time, and temperature, were systematically studied for their impact on the yield. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed through spectroscopic analysis. This green synthetic approach offers notable advantages such as high product yields, reduced reaction times, ease of product isolation, and the use of an environmentally friendly, recyclable catalyst.