Integration of artificial intelligence and engineering innovations to enhance agricultural productivity: A multidisciplinary review

Abstract

Agricultural productivity has become a crucial concern for the global economy due to the increasing demand for food, population growth, and the impact of climate change. This paper reviews the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and engineering innovations in agriculture to improve productivity, sustainability, and profitability. It highlights the roles of AI tools, smart machinery, robotics, sensors, and data analytics in transforming traditional farming practices. The review draws on multiple academic sources to analyze how engineering solutions and digital technologies contribute to more efficient use of resources, higher yields, and improved decision-making. Challenges such as cost, farmer awareness, and infrastructure gaps are also discussed. The paper concludes by suggesting future directions for multidisciplinary collaboration and scalable technological adoption in agriculture.