Trait association studies over the environments in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Abstract

This research investigation was performed at the Oilseeds Research Station, Latur under varying environmental conditions: E1 (Kharif 2022), E2 (Rabi 2022-23) and E3 (Summer 2023) in three replications using Randomized Block Design (R.B.D.). Fourteen genotypes, received from the Oilseeds Research Station, Latur, were utilized in this study for traits viz., days needed for 50% blooming, days until maturity, height of plant, quantity of primary branches, capsule number, length of capsule, seeds per capsule, 1000 grain weight, oil percentage and yield of each plant (g). The association studies disclosed that the grain yield of each plant is positively influenced by traits such as the primary branch number, seed number per capsule, days until maturity, capsule number, 1000 grain weight, capsule length and height of the plant. The grain yield of each plant was high and unfavourably associated with the percentage of oil. Outcomes of path analysis indicated that the capsule amount on each plant and 1000 grain weight exerts the strongest direct favourable effect on each plant yield, while the capsule length had a detrimental impact. Through the oil percentage, primary branch of each plant exhibited a favourable direct impact on plant yield. The findings of association studies suggest that selecting traits like the primary branches, capsule number, seeds in the capsule and 1000-grain weight can enhance yield.