Prevalence of computer vision syndrome among final year medical students

Abstract

Introduction: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) has emerged as a growing public health concern, particularly among students, due to increased screen time and widespread reliance on digital devices, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic. CVS encompasses a range of visual and musculoskeletal symptoms resulting from prolonged use of digital screens. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of CVS among final year medical students and examine associated risk factors, including screen time, device usage, and frequency of breaks. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at GMERS Medical College, Sola, Ahmedabad, involving final year MBBS students. Data were collected using a validated Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire. Students with pre-existing eye diseases or who did not provide consent were excluded. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and appropriate statistical methods. Results: Out of 409 approached students, 248 were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of CVS was found to be 54%, with headache (24.2%), eye strain (23%), and musculoskeletal symptoms being the most reported complaints. A significant association was noted between CVS and screen usage exceeding six hours per day (59.8%). Smartphone use was predominant (55%), followed by tablets (32%). Male students constituted 59.6% of the study group. Conclusions: CVS is a prevalent condition among medical students, closely linked to prolonged screen time and inadequate ergonomic practices. Awareness, preventive strategies such as regular breaks and the 20-20-20 rule, and integrating ergonomic education into medical curricula are recommended to mitigate CVS-related symptoms and improve student well-being.