Poultry genetics resources of north east India: Socio-economic importance

Abstract

Poultry rearing plays a vital role in enhancing the livelihoods of rural communities in northeast India. This region, known for its diverse agro-climatic conditions and rich biodiversity, has a long-standing tradition of backyard poultry farming, especially with indigenous breeds. Poultry farming provides a sustainable source of income, nutrition, and employment, requires minimal inputs, and possesses natural disease resistance, making it ideal for low-cost, small-scale farming systems. In addition to economic benefits, poultry holds cultural and traditional significance in many rural households, often used in rituals and festivals. Due to their superior taste and quality, the growing consumer demand for local quality products further increases market opportunities. Poultry rearing not only contributes to income security but also supports women’s empowerment and the preservation of cultural heritage in rural northeast India. This review discusses the economic importance of poultry rearing in the region, government initiatives supporting its growth, major challenges faced by rural poultry farmers, and sustainable strategies to strengthen this sector.