Microplastics in humans: Current evidence of presence and their role in organ toxicity

Abstract

This comprehensive study examines the environmental prevalence of microplastics, routes of human exposure, and the documented presence and impacts of microplastics in various organs. The study highlights the adverse health effects of microplastics, including bioaccumulation and the transportation of hazardous substances. The research identifies ingestion, inhalation, dermal absorption, and maternal-foetal transfer as the primary routes of human exposure. The study also reveals the presence of microplastics in various organs, such as the Liver, Kidney, Urine, Lungs, Sputum, Thrombi, Blood, Arteries, Breastmilk, Placenta, Semen, Spleen, Intestine, Colon, Stool, and BALF. The implications of microplastic exposure on organ systems are discussed, including gastrointestinal, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, reproductive, and nervous systems. The abstract concludes by emphasizing the urgent need for improved waste management strategies and regulatory measures to mitigate microplastic pollution and protect human health.