Cadmium induced nephrotoxicity in Clarias gariepinus: A histopathological and biochemical assessment

Abstract

The present study evaluates the histological and biochemical effects of cadmium chloride exposure on the kidneys of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The aquatic biome, as well as the broader ecosphere, is adversely impacted by the heavy metal cadmium (Cd), particularly due to industrial discharges. In this study, freshwater African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were exposed to increasing doses of cadmium chloride over a period of fifteen days. The impact of cadmium chloride on the kidneys was assessed using both histological and biochemical parameters. Biochemical analysis revealed decreased levels of proteins and carbohydrates, indicating metabolic disruption. Histopathological examination showed significant lesions in the glomeruli, vacuolization, tubular necrosis, and aggregation of inflammatory cells. These findings confirm that cadmium chloride induces nephrotoxicity.