Hypertension in urban women: A review of risk factor management and intervention effectiveness

Abstract

Hypertension is a prevalent non-communicable disease and a major risk factor for cardiovascular events globally. Urban females, particularly in developing nations, face an increasing burden of hypertension due to rapid urbanization, lifestyle changes, and socioeconomic stressors. This review focuses on the effectiveness of hypertension risk factor management and intervention strategies specifically targeting urban female populations. Evidence suggests that gender-specific approaches, including lifestyle modifications, education campaigns, early screening, and community-based interventions, significantly contribute to improved awareness, prevention, and control of hypertension among women. However, challenges such as limited access to healthcare, social determinants, and gender-specific barriers must be addressed for sustained impact.