Clinicopathological correlation in chronic urticaria patients: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) is a complex dermatological disorder with an unpredictable clinical course and multifactorial etiology. A systematic clinicopathological evaluation can provide insight into underlying mechanisms and aid in tailored treatment strategies. Objective: To evaluate the clinical presentation and correlate histopathological findings in patients with chronic urticaria attending a tertiary care hospital in coastal Karnataka. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 chronic urticaria patients between May and August 2020. Clinical history, physical findings, laboratory investigations, and skin biopsies were analyzed. Correlation between clinical severity and pathological changes was statistically evaluated. Results: Among 50 patients (32 females, 18 males), the most common symptoms included erythematous wheals (100%) and pruritus (94%). Histopathology revealed perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate in 84%, dermal edema in 66%, eosinophilic infiltrate in 38%, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis in 8%. A significant association (p