Challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in establishing new enterprises in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala

Abstract

Women entrepreneurs play a vital role in shaping local economies, fostering innovation, and promoting inclusive development. This study investigates the socio-economic background, knowledge levels, perceptions, and challenges experienced by women entrepreneurs in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala. Employing a descriptive research design and multi-stage sampling, data were collected from women entrepreneurs engaged in diverse sectors, primarily those integrating agriculture with small businesses. Findings reveal that most women entrepreneurs have intermediate to higher education, live in nuclear families, and earn moderate annual incomes. While mass media exposure, extension contact, and social participation are generally moderate, they display strong economic motivation and a progressive mindset. However, their perception of entrepreneurship remains low due to gender-based discrimination, market barriers, societal expectations, and work-life imbalances. Key constraints include limited financial access, lack of collateral, market isolation, safety concerns, and restricted institutional support. Despite these hurdles, women entrepreneurs demonstrate resilience and offer practical solutions such as enhanced training, infrastructure development, financial assistance, and market adaptation. The study emphasizes the need for policy measures tailored to the unique requirements of women entrepreneurs in Kerala to unlock their full potential.