A descriptive study to assess the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age attending pediatrics services in a tertiary care hospital of Mumbai in view of creating awareness regarding prevention of malnutrition

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition in children under five, especially in low and middle income countries, leads to stunting, wasting, and high mortality. This study aims to assess the nutritional status to highlight the need for further research and guide future interventions. Materials & Methods: A descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra, involving 50 children aged 6 months to 5 years, selected through convenient sampling. A self-structured tool, validated by pediatric, nursing, and research experts was used. Results: Among 50 participants, 38% had low height-for-age, 36% low weight-for-age, and 52% low MUAC Z scores. Clinical signs of malnutrition were seen in 84%, including iron deficiency (33.3%), PEM (28.6%), vitamin D deficiency (14.3%), and zinc and vitamin B12 deficiencies (11.9%). Conclusion: The study reveals a high burden of malnutrition, with over 50% of children affected. Significant links with gender and maternal education highlight the need for targeted interventions, improved feeding practices, and enhanced nutritional awareness.