Impact of welfare schemes on scheduled castes in Haryana: A comprehensive analysis

Abstract

This study explores the utilization and impact of welfare schemes on the socio-economic conditions of Scheduled Caste households in rural Haryana. The research was conducted on Scheduled Castes on 360 respondents of Jind, Kaithal and Hisar districts of Haryana state in 2023 - 24. The research is based on empirical data collected through structured interviews with beneficiaries from diverse sub-castes, including Chamar, Balmiki, Heri, Nayak and Deha. Findings reveal that the Post-Matric Scholarship, Residential Plot Scheme and Old Age Pension were the most commonly availed schemes. Sub-caste, education, occupation, income, landholding and family structure emerged as highly significant variables influencing socio-economic status. While a substantial proportion of respondents reported improved standards of living, access to education and better healthcare, persistent challenges such as poor educational infrastructure, landlessness and social discrimination continue to hinder development. The study highlights a need for more targeted policy interventions that address sub-caste-based inequalities and structural barriers to upward mobility. These insights are valuable for policymakers, development practitioners and social researchers focused on caste-based equity and inclusive growth.