Electoral reforms and constitutional protection of voting rights in India: An analysis

Abstract

The study examines changes in election laws in India with special reference to the constitutional provisions undertaken in the Indian Constitution. The major reforms in electoral processes include the preview of one person one vote, representation of special groups, compact internal reorganization of the Election Commission, and specific legislative measures for free and fair elections. This study explores several issues regarding the Indian electoral democracy as follows: voter intimidation, electoral bribery, the impact of money, and participation of all strata of society in the elections. It describes constitutional measures including Article 326 establishes the provisions that every person over the age of eighteen years shall have the right to vote and protect these rights. This study reviews some key constitutional decisions and electoral changes which include provisions against electoral malpractices, the application of the EVM, and efforts to enhance voters’ turnout and fusion of voters into the political system. This reform of the voting process seeks to improve the vision, accuracy, honesty and is examined using secondary research derived from scholarly articles, government reports, and legal commentaries. The suggested future reforms include up scaling voter education programs, increasing transparency in finance in relation to elections, and increasing the capacity and independence of the Election Commission.