Psychological benefits of progressive muscle relaxation in international para-athletes: A repeated measures study

Abstract

Design: This study utilised a repeated measures design to assess the effects of a six-week PMR training program on levels of aggression and anxiety in international Para-athletes. Results: The experimental group exhibited a statistically significant reduction in aggression (F(2.69, 24.21) = 383, p < .001, η² = 0.268) and anxiety (F(2.56, 23.08) = 204, p < .001, η² = 0.312) throughout six weeks, whereas the control group demonstrated minimal changes. Post-hoc comparisons indicated significant differences between the groups concerning psychological variables (p < .001). These findings suggest that PMR is effective in alleviating psychological distress in Para-athletes. Conclusions: PMR represents a viable intervention for reducing aggression and anxiety in international Para-athletes, fostering emotional regulation and psychological resilience. Incorporating PMR into elite training regimens may enhance performance and overall well-being. Future research should investigate its long-term effects and potential synergistic benefits when used with other psychological interventions.