Grit-enhancing intervention: A systematic review

Abstract

Grit is a non-cognitive trait that is linked to achievements in multiple fields. This trait is reported to be malleable upon interventions. Nevertheless, systematic reviews on grit-enhancing interventions and their outcomes are still limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to appraise grit-promoting interventions that have been empirically studied and assess the outcomes. The systematic literature review was conducted in line with PRISMA guidelines, in which the data was collected from free online databases (Scopus and Pubmed). After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 articles were used for appraisal. Numerous interventions have been studied to increase grit, dominated by positive psychology-based, educational, growth mindset, and mindfulness-based interventions. However, not all interventions could significantly promote grit since there are several factors affecting the effectiveness of the interventions, such as intervention duration, research design, participant numbers, and the initial grit level. The plethora of interventions to increase grit warrants further investigation using meta-analysis, which could assist in determining the most effective intervention to be applied in each field.