Therapeutic potential of Canthium glabrum Blume ethanolic extract: Hepatoprotective, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties

Abstract

The study aims to evaluate the biological properties of Canthium glabrum Blume ethanolic extract. The extract was administered to male rats at concentrations of 200 mg/kg/day, 400 mg/kg/day, and 600 mg/kg/day after they were subjected to Isoniazid-Rifampicin toxicity. Established protocols were implemented to evaluate antioxidant, biochemical markers, and antimicrobial activity. Prolonged administration of Isoniazid-Rifampicin led to substantial increases in liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), metabolic indicators (total bilirubin, total protein), renal markers (creatinine, urea), and oxidative stress levels, as well as disturbances in lipid profile constituents (LDL, HDL). The extract exhibited dose-dependent decreases in these indicators, with the highest dosage nearly corresponding to the standard treatment group. Antioxidant study verified significant Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid Content, and Total Antioxidant Capacity. The extract demonstrated slight antibacterial action, inhibitory zones against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus brasiliensis. The results highlight the efficacy of Canthium glabrum Blume ethanolic extract, demonstrating notable hepatic, renal, and microbiological dysfunctions, antioxidant and antibacterial attributes.