Phytochemical profil, hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic of six medicinals plants of Cameroon 

Abstract

The Cameroonian flora is rich in medicinal plants. Six plants were investigated for their hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic properties. The extraction was carried out by maceration in distilled water for 48 hours for each plant, then filtered and dried in an oven. Phytochemical analysis was performed using High performance thin layer chromatography and high-performance Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for characterisation. Quantitative analysis of the extract’s total polyphenol contents and total flavonoids contents were done using folin-ciocalteu and aluminiun trichloride test respectively. The assessment of acute oral toxicity was carried out according to OECD guideline 423. The activity of the aqueous extract of the association of the six plants on glycaemia was evaluated in rats.The results showed a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in Wistar rats. Doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg significantly reduced blood glucose levels. The extracts contained flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and polyphenols responsible for these activities. These plants may be useful for the treatment of diabetes. The results are promising for the development of new anti-diabetic treatments.