Method Development for Quantification of Gallic Acid in Triphala Guggulu Vati

Abstract

Triphala Guggul is a traditional Ayurvedic formulation with therapeutic properties, and its quality assessment is essential for standardization. This study focuses on the development of a UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of gallic acid, a key bioactive marker present in the triphala guggulu vati. Methanol was selected as the optimal solvent, and the maximum absorbance wavelength (λmax) was determined to be 273 nm. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines for linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, ruggedness, and sensitivity. The calibration curve showed excellent linearity (R² = 0.9982) over the concentration range of 5-15 µg/mL. Recovery studies confirmed accuracy within 98-102%. The method exhibited good precision with low % RSD values. LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.146 µg/mL and 0.441 µg/mL, respectively, for gallic acid. Robustness and ruggedness studies indicated the method's reliability under small variations. Also, the percent difference was found to be 98.17% for concentration of gallic acid when compared with a reference value. The validated UV spectrophotometric method provides a simple, cost-effective, and efficient approach for the estimation of gallic acid in triphala guggul formulations, ensuring their quality and standardization.