Comparative analysis of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and stimulator of interferon genes 1 gene expression in Ankamali and wild pigs of Kerala

Abstract

This study investigates the differential expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and Stimulator of Interferon Genes 1 (STING1), key immune response markers, in the skeletal muscle of these pigs using quantitative PCR (qPCR). The MMP9 is an enzyme involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, playing a crucial role in tissue repair, inflammation, and immune defense. The STING1 is a key adaptor protein in the innate immune system, mediating type I interferon responses against viral and bacterial infections. Muscle samples were collected from six Ankamali and six wild pigs, and gene expression was analyzed relative to Aldolase A (ALDOA) as an internal control. Results revealed significantly higher MMP9 and STING1 expression in Ankamali pigs compared to wild pigs (p