Green politics in India: Role of NGOS and government policies

Abstract

In India Green Politics has emerged as a crucial force which addresses environmental challenges and balancing economic growth with sustainability. This paper analysis the role of Non-Governmental Policies (NGOs) and governmental policies in shaping green political landscape in India. NGOs have played an important role in awareness, advocacy, mobilization on grassroots, influencing policy formulation and implementation. Simultaneously, government of India has introduced various policies and environmental laws to protect environment and to promote sustainability. However challenges exists such as policy implementation gaps, inefficiencies in bureaucracy and conflicts between development and environment protection. This study highlights the effectiveness of collective efforts of NGOs and government. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing policy execution, to strengthen NGO- government collaboration, enhancing grassroots participation and promoting more robust green political movement in India. To achieve more sustainable and ecologically balanced future there is a need to reform policies, legal enforcement and community-driven initiatives. This paper adopts a qualitative research approach which combines both primary and secondary data sources to analyze the role of NGOs and government policies in shaping green politics in India. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of positive role and conflicts between NGOs, environmental movements and government policies in promoting environmental sustainability which leads to actionable recommendations for strengthening green governance in India.