A literature review on root perforation repair materials in dentistry

Abstract

Root canal treatment is one of the commonest problem dentist encounters in day to day practice. There are so many reasons for the tooth to be under go root canal treatment, like caries, fracture of the tooth or teeth due to fall or from any other reason, hygiene not maintained properly. The most common problem encounter while doing the root canal treatment of the patient is, root perforation of the same tooth undergoing root canal treatment. Root perforation can be defined as a opening of the root to the outer oral tissue, that might have occurred accidently during the process of root canal treatment therapy, or might be due to some unknown pathological causes, which ultimately leads to the complications in the same patient due to the passage of microorganisms to the surrounding soft and hard tissue. Root perforation commonly caused by operative procedural accident or due to some pathological conditions such as, severe dental caries, internal root resorption or external root resorption. Some associating factors that can lead to the root canal perforation are presence of pulp stones, calcification of the canals, malpositioning of the tooth, some extra coronal restoration or presence of any intra canal posts. There are different materials which can be used in the repair of root perforation, which includes, indium foil, super – 2 ethoxybenzoic acid, some bio ceramic materials like mineral tri oxide aggregate biodentine. all the materials which can be used in the repair of root canal perforation, should possess some basic requirements like, the material which is supposed to be used in the repair of root perforation should be bacteriostatic in nature, should bear the property of radio opacity.