A clinicopathological study of papulosquamous skin lesion at tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background: Papulosquamous diseases present with scaly papules and plaques, often leading to diagnostic challenges due to their similar clinical appearances. A definitive histopathological examination is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Methods: This retrospective study analysed 200 cases of papulosquamous skin lesions over 2.5 years. A detailed patient history was recorded, emphasizing age, sex, and macroscopic tissue examination. Specimens were preserved in 10% formalin for 24 hours, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned at 5 microns for histopathological (microscopic) evaluation using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: Among the 200 cases, clinicopathological correlation was established in 167 cases (83.5%), while 33 cases (16.5%) showed discrepancies. Lichen planus (107 cases, 53.5%) was the most prevalent disorder, followed by psoriasis (54 cases, 27%) and lupus erythematosus (20 cases, 10%). Conclusion: Due to overlapping clinical and histological features, a definitive diagnosis of papulosquamous skin disorders relies on clinicopathological correlation. These disorders are frequently encountered in dermatology, emphasizing the necessity of an integrated diagnostic approach for improved patient outcomes.