Physical activity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-demographic analysis of age, gender, residential status and educational levels

Abstract

Physical activity is an important lifestyle intervention to decrease diabetes mellitus risk. However, there is limited research on how demographic factors, residential status, and educational levels influence physical activity participation among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This study investigates how age demographics and gender differences, along with residence type and educational levels, affect physical activity. A cross-sectional study of 409 diagnosed diabetic individuals in Kerala, India. Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Data were analyzed by using an independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The difference in physical activity levels was confirmed via t-test results, showing rural participants engaged in significantly greater levels on physical activity than urban participants. Furthermore, post hoc analysis showed that those with less than 10th-grade education level engaged in significantly more physical activity than those with high school qualifications. This study showed relevant factors associated with participation in physical activity among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, including age, gender, residential status, and educational level. The results of the study highlight the importance of tailoring strategies promoting physical activity among diverse demographic groups to optimize diabetes management and prevention initiatives.