Preliminary observations on langur troop composition across different forest ranges in the Western Ghats of Kerala

Abstract

A preliminary study was conducted to assess the ecological factors, troop composition, and sex ratios of three langur species, namely the endemic Nilgiri langur (Semnopithecus johnii), S. priam, and S. hypoleucos, in the Western Ghats of Kerala. The study revealed habitat-driven variations in troop size, male-female ratios, and juvenile composition among the langur species. A total of 14 troops of three Semnopithecus sp. were surveyed in six different forest ranges of Kerala, with a total size of 246 individuals, including 25 adult males, 61 adult females, 61 subadults, 36 young ones and 63 juveniles. Feeding and resting behaviour were observed in this study with the tree species tamarind, teak and thanika. The langur species in this study were found near human settlements and also isolated deep inside forests in different study regions. The study provides essential baseline data for conservation strategies focusing on habitat preservation and genetic diversity. Understanding the troop’s composition and feeding habits of langurs across different forest ranges is crucial for conservation planning and ecological studies. Preliminary observations on the demographic structure, feeding behaviour and habitat use of langur troops in various locations revealed variations in troop size, species distribution, dietary preferences and proximity to human settlements. These findings offer valuable insights into the population dynamics and habitat use of langurs, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts to protect these primate species and their habitats. The study highlights the importance of preserving genetic diversity and habitat integrity for the long-term survival of these species.