Brahmi (Centella asiatica) in Unani medicine for autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A scientific review

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. It has a multifactorial etiology, including genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. In Unani medicine, neurological disorders are linked to imbalances in humors (Akhlat), particularly an excess of balgham (phlegm), affecting brain function. Brahmi (Centella asiatica), a well-documented neuroprotective herb, has been traditionally used in Unani medicine to enhance cognition and mitigate symptoms of mental and neurological conditions. This review explores the Unani perspective on ASD, its correlation with humorism, signs, symptoms, epidemiology, and the potential role of Brahmi in alleviating ASD-related challenges.