Physiological traits as indicators of seed aging and yield potential in rapeseed and mustard (Brassica spp.)

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of seed aging on physiological traits and seed quality in rapeseed and mustard (Brassica spp.), focusing on plant height, siliquae per plant, and seed yield. Fresh and aged seeds from six Brassica varieties-PM-28, M-27, TS-36, TS-38, Kakching Yella, and Potsangbam Yella were cultivated under uniform field conditions at Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Manipur, using a factorial randomized block design. Results revealed significant reductions in plant height, siliquae production, and seed yield across all aged seed varieties. For instance, fresh seeds of PM-28 attained a maximum plant height of 95.00 cm, while aged M-27 seeds recorded the shortest height (63.50 cm). Similarly, seed yield dropped sharply from 1258.75 kg/ha in fresh PM-28 seeds to 451.25 kg/ha in aged Potsangbam Yella seeds. These findings underscore the necessity of optimal seed storage to maintain physiological vigor and ensure agricultural productivity.