To study indications of primary lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) in primigravida and multigravida: A retrospective 51-month (6 years and 3 months) study

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the indications of primary lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) in primigravida and multigravida patients over a six year and three months period. Methods: A retrospective analysis of primary LSCS cases was conducted in District Hospital Jalandhar (Pb) from January 2018 to March 2024. Data were collected from medical records, including demographic details, obstetric history, and specific indications for LSCS. Statistical analysis was performed to identify patterns and significant differences between the two groups. Results:(< 0.05). Out of 13,991 deliveries during the study period, 3,856 primary LSCS cases were identified (27.2%). Among these, 2,558 (65.3%) occurred in primigravida and 1,298 (34.7%) in multigravida. The most common indications in primigravida were non-progress of labor (30%), fetal distress (25%), and cephalopelvic disproportion (20%). In multigravida, common indications included previous uterine surgery with obstetric complications (40%), fetal distress (20%), and malpresentation (15%). A significant association was found between maternal age, parity, and indications for LSCS (p< 0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights distinct patterns in indications for primary LSCS between primigravida and multigravida patients. Tailored obstetric care is crucial to address these differences and potentially reduce the rate of primary LSCS.