Glorification of plant species in Vedic literature: Inferences for conservation of biodiversity

Abstract

Biological diversity refers to the variance among and within the living organism. There are increasing concerns about persistent loss of this diversity which is detrimental to environmental, social and economic interests of the mankind. Theres is an imminent need apply multifaceted approaches to arrest the loss of biodiversity. Vedic literature is considered as the fountainhead of ancient knowledge systems and is reported to contain prescription for addressing the conservation needs. The term, glorification may be explained as a method of creating an aura around any given object thereby promoting a sense of reverence. In Vedic literature, it is often seen that the nature and its constituents are eulogised and treated as divine gifts to mankind. This approach could be one of the means used in ancient civilizations to achieve the objectives of the conservation. This article enumerates illustrative cases of glorifying plant species in Vedic literature mainly comprising of Rigveda, Atharva Veda and selected Puranas. In addition secondary literature was also consulted to illustrate these approaches. The compiled citations are classified into four groups viz. (a) divine connections (b) fascinating utility values (c) temple trees and (d) astrological connections. The outcomes of this analysis are discussed in terms of their relevance in the context of biodiversity conservation. The article further suggests the need for integrating the ancient practice of glorifying plant species into conservation policies and programmes.