Phytopharmaceutical formulation of Ocimum sanctum tablets: Evaluation of hypoglycemic effects

Abstract

Historically, phytotherapeutic approaches have demonstrated efficacy in the management of diabetes. Due to the higher prevalence of adverse effects associated with conventional allopathic treatments, it is imperative to prioritize research into plant-derived remedies. In India, approximately 60% of diabetes patients rely on traditional herbal medicine. Ocimum sanctum Linn. (Commonly referred to as Tulsi), a prominent member of the Lamiaceae family, holds a distinguished place in Ayurveda for its antidiabetic properties. In this study, a tablet formulation was developed using the hydroalcoholic extract of Ocimum sanctum. The tablets were produced via the direct compression technique, and both pre-compression and post-compression parameters were evaluated in accordance with established pharmaceutical guidelines. The formulations conformed to all required physical and pharmaceutical quality standards. The antidiabetic potential of the formulation was assessed through alpha-glucosidase inhibition studies. The tablet blend exhibited potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 3.58 µg/mL.