Ethical and legal challenges of ai in healthcare: A global perspective

Abstract

The healthcare industry faces difficulties as a result of a declining healthcare staff and an increase in chronic illnesses that are getting worse as a result of changes in the population and epidemiology. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based digital health interventions are being considered as some of the possible answers to these problems. Examining the ethical conundrums that arise when AI is implemented in the healthcare industry has been the main focus of the study that follows. Many kinds of legal and ethical issues have been raised by Artificial Intelligence (AI) for society, such as security and surveillance, discrimination and prejudice, and the potential philosophical dilemma of the place of human judgement in society. This study examines at the AI governance structures and health data that are being created or used by Global Digital Health Partnership (GDHP) member countries that have been granted permission. Scoping reviews of scholarly publications and thematic evaluations of policy papers released by certain GDHP member nations were used to gather data. Semi-structured conversations with significant senior policymakers from GDHP member countries were conducted with the purpose of exploring their interactions with AI-driven health care technology and related regulations. The results of the literature analysis and information gathering were utilised to guide these interviews. In addition, experts in international health and technology participated in a focus group discussion regarding the issues and proposed recommendations for policy. The policy recommendations were based on the pooled research findings. The study stresses the need for collaboration between computer scientists and clinicians in order to successfully utilise AI. Lastly, the study makes a compelling case for the need for healthcare ethics training for IT workers as well as medical and healthcare staff. International organisations and initiatives, like those that share practical tactics and offer tools for exploiting AI-driven technology in healthcare, are important contributors to the global conversation.