Efficient plantlet regeneration in a bioinsecticidal plant Sapium insigne Royle. Through somatic embryogenesis

Abstract

The present study was conducted to develop an efficient protocol for high frequency plantlet regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from shoot tip derived explants in a biopesticidal plant S. insigne. Transverse sections derived from the shoot tip explants were used for induction of callus. Among all the concentrations of 2,4-D tested for callus induction MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D induced maximum (80%) amount of callus with mean fresh weight 1.5±0.27 g and the formed callus was found to be yellowish green friable in nature. Whereas among all the combinations of phytohormones tested for callus induction MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D + 1.0 mg/l BAP, 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D + 1.0 mg/l Kn inducted maximum (94 and 91%) amount of callus with mean fresh weight 2.7±0.18 and 2.4±0.27 g and the formed callus was found to be light green friable in nature. When these callus was sub cultured on MS medium supplemented with different combinations of BAP, NAA and GA3 it under gone Embryogenic and induced somatic embryos. The maximum (70%) amount of Embryogenic callus with average number of somatic embryos 17.3±0.16 per gram fresh weight of callus was induced on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP + 1.0 mg/l NAA + 0.5 mg/l GA3. On subsequent subculture on the same medium these somatic embryos under gone maturation and (86%) germination and developed into plantlets. The histological studies conducted conformed the formation of somatic embryos in S. insigne.